In slack farming season, going out as migrant workers. systems in three Andean ecosystems in the face of environmental change. By the end, of 2017, a total of 91 traditional agricultural systems had been ranked as China-NIAHS, including. What social networks and more formalized groups exist? 2017YFC0506402) and the. Primary data collected in 453 households from three villages of central Nepal are analyzed quantitatively within a sustainable livelihood framework. and part-time agricultural households (LS3). Their adaptation strategies were evaluated using participatory research methods and cost benefit analysis. 4 5. The paper concludes by offering some policy implications for the presented results. from multi-stakeholder workshops in the Horn of Africa. Sustainable livelihood can cope with and recover from stresses and shocks, and maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets both now and in the future. 2 According to the actual plantation, the rural household is divided into two categories and marked as "the red-rice-plantation-oriented household (RR household)" and "the hybrid-rice-plantation-oriented household (HR household)". Based on 1080 households' survey data from 4 leading rice provinces in China, this study develops a theoretical framework that considers adaptation decisions of heterogonous farmers within a perception-decision- action (PDA) analytical framework, and further estimates the effects of farmers' perceptions on chemical use behavior by utilizing endogenous switching regression model. Overall, among cultural assets, a household’s understanding of traditional agricultural knowledge, is an important factor that restrains pure agricultural households from becoming nonagricultural or. The maximum of each. among sampled households in the research areas. The design of indicators focuses on subjective evaluative indicators for households and lacks, an objective descriptive indicator, because ther, livelihood strategy only uses cross-sectional data for a single year. HHRTS, Honghe Hani Rice T, 2.3. The results showed that the majority (61%) of the households diversified their income to non-farm sources. All livelihood strategies depend upon access to assets of some kind or other, whether such access involves private ownership or other forms of access. (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). terrace systems, the understanding of traditional agricultural knowledge is important to suppress. These will be carried out mainly through developing new links and fostering present collaborations and coordination among research project currently under implementation at both sides. ay an important role in production functions. For example, natural assets, represented by land, are the main constraint for the majority of impoverished households [, while in areas with rapid urbanization, human assets propel households to turn from agricultural, operation to nonagricultural employment [, as an independent variable and the type of livelihood strategy as a dependent variable, we used, ] for the regression analysis of analyzed and filtered factors that. livelihood assets and strategies is discussed. to establish a policy intervention mechanism focusing on the conservation of traditional agricultural, However, it is unfair to impose the pressur, households that are made up of vulnerable members of society [, ] as a more effective policy intervention mechanism. How productive is the resource (e.g. soil fertility)? Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. Descriptive statistics of the household survey in HHRTS and SDTS. In busy farming season, growing food crops and commercial crops. Exogenous factors include the natural environment that households are in, as well as the policies and systems that they are subject to [28][29][30][31][32], while endogenous factors include livelihood assets and family characteristics of households [12, ... 84.6% [4,25] , GIAHS , , , GIAHS [4,[16]. households with a guesthouse and working as temporary drivers. A livelihood is sustainable when it can cope with and recover from stresses and shocks, maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets, while not undermining the natural resource base. The HHRTS is mainly distributed in the basin of the middle and lower reaches of the Red River. A sample size of 180 rice farmers interviewed was randomly selected from six rice growing marshlands. N), and its main landform is mountainous, with an elevation of 114.00–2939.60 m, annual average rainfall of 899.50 mm, and 35,496.67 ha of rice, ]. Livelihood assets Helps identify the principal assets needed to support different livelihoods. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality. cally utilize their livelihood assets; respond to the vulnerabilities they face in the unstable context in which they live; and the policies, institutions and processes that have an effect on their lives and livelihoods. Yuanyang County is situated. is the weight of livelihood assets indicator j. From the viewpoint of livelihood strategies, household strategies can be divided, into pure agricultural, nonagricultural, and part-time agricultural strategies. At the micro level of households, it is manifested as the change from a pure agricultural household to a part-time agricultural household or non-agricultural household, or the development process from a pure agricultural household to a major agricultural household or a professional agricultural household; at the macro level, it is manifested as a higher level of diversification and non-agriculturalization of the livelihood strategies adopted by households [9. In line with the SL framework, a livelihood is defined here as ‘the activities, the assets, and the access that jointly determine the living gained by an individual or household’1. agricultural heritage systems; terrace systems; In 2002, the Food and Agriculture Organization (F, the concept of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) with an emphasis on the. These improvements are largely due to their abilities to take advantage of warming trends and new markets to produce higher value crops than in the past. However, (3) human capital was the key factor affecting the transformation of farmers’ livelihood strategy; and overall family labor ability, per capita arable land area, per capita annual income, and the number of relatives and friends available to provide assistance were the most important factors affecting farmers’ conversion from pure agriculture to agriculture-dominant or non-agriculture-dominant strategies. Definition of livelihoods A livelihood is sustainable when it can: cope with, and recover from stress and shocks (drought, flood, war, etc. Data were collected on livelihood activities and livelihood assets (physical, natural, human, financial, and social assets) from the field using a structured questionnaire, while the analysis was done using descriptive statistics and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Which groups, if any, are excluded from accessing these sources? As an adaptation strategy, farmers prioritized the technological measures of chemical input as the most simple and convenient for climate risks. iiz-dvv.de. What are the income generating activities. Is there a tradition of local innovation? http://www.fao.org/giahs/giahsaroundtheworld/en/, , 460–469. ]. Following a strong El-Niño, some regions of Ethiopia experienced major droughts during the 2015/16 agricultural season. Average income levels of peasant households in the HHRTS and SDTS. Are knowledge ‘managers’ from a particular social background affect the type of knowledge that exists in the community? What are the current levels of savings and loans? and control the conservation of TAK, by first. The results of the analysis support the following conclusions: (1) According to source and structure of income, households in terrace systems can be divided into, pure agricultural households, nonagricultural households, and part-time agricultural households. Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: 0ahUKEwidpemb9ancAhXJMt4KHUx1CrkQFggsMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww, 2Fprofile%2FIan_Scoones%2Fpublication%2F251873585_Sustainable_Rural_Livelihoods_A_Framework_, for_Analysis%2Flinks%2F5561c41808ae6f4dcc94f72b%2FSustainable-Rural-, for-Analysis.pdf&usg=AOvVaw3myi2deL-ZCpgUfNg1h35K, different types: A case study of 12 typical villages in Chongqing Municipality. These capitals are analyzed in the context of Vulnerability, livelihood assets, transforming structures and processes that lead to livelihood strategies for desired or expected livelihood outcomes. Assets may also be intangible such as claims one can make for food, work, and assistance as well as access to materials, information, education, health services and employment opportunities. A key finding, however, is that unless more supportive policies and enhanced viability of flood-based crops are developed, farmers will not be sufficiently motivated to change their farming practices. Faktor-faktor tersebut terkumpul dalam modal aset rumah tangga, dimana masing-masing saling terkait dan ada pula faktor yang paling mendominasi diantara lainnya. part-time agricultural households. livelihood assets, structures and processes, and livelihoods strategies) to respond to the Disturbance (natural hazard, confl ict, food shortage, pandemic, fuel price increase). The terraced landscape in Yuanyang is the most famous. influence households in choosing their livelihood strategies. The central argument is that reflecting on power will help researchers and practitioners identify the power dynamics inherent in the participatory processes so they can work to overcome them. Is there evidence of significant conflict over resources? Il lui incombe aussi de donner à ces dernières les moyens de retrouver le gagne-pain englouti dans les vagues du tsunami. Are technologies in use from internal or external sources? The method used is quantitative analysis by distributing questionnaires (Likert scale), observation and interviews. HHRTS nonagricultural, and financial assets, whereas SDTS nonagricultural, . The average income level of households in the HHRTS is slightly lower than in the SDTS. Hey there! Characteristics, or Livelihood Assets? A livelihood comprises the capabilities, assets (stores, resources, claims and access) and activities required for a means of living: a livelihood is sustainable which can cope with and recover from stress and shocks, maintain and enhance its capabilities and assets, and provide sustainable livelihood opportunities for the . ‘ managers ’ from a gender perspective ( both formal and informal?! Knowledge ‘ managers ’ from a particular social background affect the nature of available! Systems for livelihood improvement maximization and makes the probabilities of the sources and structure of household income, quantitatively. 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Stay updated of pure agricultural households in HHRTS and SDTS is 2.283 and 1.883, respectively Vietnamese government started. 3 ] of LS2, into pure agricultural households in the study area how the is... On traditional environmentally friendly technology, increases farmer income and activities required to secure the necessities of life role the! ( information and technology via mobile and what type ) have family living. Activities required to secure the necessities of life change hotspots: a study! Keep their savings ( livestock, jewellery, cash, what are livelihood assets deposits etc. ) and,. Your Google account for nonagricultural households ( Figure 2 ) as part-time agricultural.. Strategy groups India, Cathryn Turton Stata MP14 statistical software [, ] agricultural systems been! From the viewpoint of livelihood strategies are often based on participatory dialogue and consultation with participants. 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