500 miles in the middle of winter to bury his son's bones near the Niobrara River. Die Frühgeschichte des Stammes ist identisch mit derjenigen der anderen Stämme dieser Gruppe. Standing Bear filed a habeas corpus suit challenging his arrest. (Howard, 37; Prucha, 567-68) Any land remaining after allotment was made available for sale to non-natives. The invasions of the Iroquois from their traditional base in the north pushed those tribes out of the Ohio River area. He was arrested for doing so without US government permission and ordered confined at Fort Omaha. [2], https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ponca_(Volk)&oldid=181787141, „Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike“. The tribe is governed by a democratically elected council. LINCOLN, Neb. (singing in Ponca) Forced into exiled within his tribe where a third of his people died. In 1804, when they were visited by the Lewis and Clark Expedition, only about 200 Ponca remained. Ponca Tribe of Nebraska Member Open … But this June, Art and Helen opted to give 10 acres back to the Ponca Tribe, the land’s original occupants. The land gifting ceremony and deed signing between farmers Art and Helen Tanderup, Ponca Tribe of Nebraska Chairman Larry Wright, Jr., and Ponca Nation of … [2], After the 1877 forced relocation onto the Quapaw Reservation in Indian Territory, the tribe moved west to their own lands along the Arkansas and Salt Fork Rivers. Die Quapaw zogen nach Süden, die Osage blieben dort, die Kansa wanderten nordwestlich den Missouri River hinauf, während die Omaha und Ponca sich direkt nach Norden wandten. The Omaha and Ponca Native American tribes are closely related. Nach der gemeinsamen Migration der gesamten Gruppe bis zur Mündung des Osage Rivers trennte sie sich. In order to carry out his promise, Standing Bear left the reservation in Oklahoma and traveled back toward the Ponca homelands. Prairie Flower Casino Jobs. Eines der wichtigsten gemeinsamen Projekte ist die Wiederbelebung und Erhaltung der Sprache und kulturellen Traditionen. In den 1970er Jahren gab es Versuche, die Ponca als Stamm wieder anzuerkennen und am 31. Unter dem Druck weißer Einwanderer zogen die Ponca von der Atlantikküste westwärts, nachdem sie vorher in Virginia, North und South Carolina gelebt hatten. In 1789, fur trader Juan Baptiste Munier was given an exclusive license to trade with the Ponca at the mouth of the Niobrara River. Their last successful buffalo hunt was in 1855.[4]. Im 16. On October 31, 1990, the Ponca Restoration Bill was signed into law, and they were recognized as the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska. Dann wurden diese beiden Stämme von wandernden Dakota weiter nach Westen gedrängt. It took many years of litigation before the casino finally opened its doors on October 31, 2018. Dort wurden sie von Soldaten gefangen genommen, aber nach einer von weißen Sympathisanten gesponserten Gerichtsverhandlung und durch den Einsatz einer jungen Omahafrau namens Susette La Flesche kamen sie wieder frei. Ihre Lebensgrundlage war der Gartenbau und die Büffeljagd. The meaning of the name is "Those Who Lead." In 1881, the US returned 26,236 acres (106 km²) of Knox County, Nebraska to the Ponca, and about half the tribe moved back north from Indian Territory. The Ponca Gaming Commission was enacted through the Ponca Gaming Ordinance which was adopted by the Tribal Council in 2004. [1], Im Jahr 1990 wurden die in Nebraska lebenden Ponca unter dem Namen Ponca Tribe of Nebraska ebenfalls bundesstaatlich anerkannt. After inspecting the lands the US government offered for their new reservation and finding it unsuitable for agriculture, the Ponca chiefs decided against a move to the Indian Territory. The tribe continued to decline. Siouan-speaking tribes such as the Omaha, Osage, Quapaw and Kaw also have traditions of having migrated to the West from east of the Mississippi River. [4] According to tradition, they moved there from an area east of the Mississippi just before Columbus' arrival in the Americas. The tribe continued to decline. The Ponca (Páⁿka iyé: Páⁿka or Ppáⁿkka pronounced [pãŋꜜka]) are a Midwestern Native American tribe of the Dhegihan branch of the Siouan language group. The Usni (Cold) Ponca Tribe of Nebraska are believed to have been part of the Omaha Tribe, having separated by the time Lewis and Clark came upon them in 1804. to identify and save prehistoric artifacts before they were destroyed during agricultural development. Use the links below if you would like to explore opportunities with the tribe. One in four members died within the first year. Im 16. 25:37 . Ponca Indian Fact Sheet. Under the Department of Interior's Land Buy-Back Program for Tribal Nations, more than 1300 holders of … After the Ponca nation came back to life 25 years ago, the U.S. government allowed the tribe to reestablish lands in northeast Nebraska. Die soziale Organisation der Ponca bestand aus einem Klassensystem mit Häuptlingen, Priestern, Ärzten und Ratsmitgliedern. Ponca Tribe of Nebraska 1,101 views. They were on such a trip when Lewis and Clark came upon their village. Native American Facts For Kids was written for young people learning about the Ponca Indian tribe for school or home-schooling reports. "Numbered among the dead were all the Ponca chiefs, including the famous Smoke-maker ...". Der Stamm fand die dortigen Lebensverhältnisse unerträglich und die Ponca litten alsbald unter Malaria, dem heißen Klima und an Hunger, so dass innerhalb des ersten Jahres ein Viertel von ihnen starb. [7]:27, Unlike most other Plains Indians, the Ponca grew maize and kept vegetable gardens. They are the only federally recognized tribe in Nebraska without a reservation. Sie erhielten noch im gleichen Jahr die bundesstaatliche Anerkennung unter dem Namen Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma. Members wanted to revive the cultural identity of its people and improve their welfare. Today the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska has over 2,783 enrolled members and is headquartered in Niobrara, Nebraska. Northern Ponca Housing Authority Jobs. Jahrhundert trennten sie sich von den Omaha und siedelten am Niobrara River und Ponca Creek in den heutigen US-Bundesstaaten Nebraska und South Dakota. In 1966, the Northern Poncas were completely terminated and all of their land and tribal holdings were dissolved. In an attempt to encourage assimilation (and to allow Oklahoma to become a state), they allotted reservation lands to individual members under the Dawes Act in 1891 and 1892. When his eldest son, Bear Shield, lay on his deathbed, Standing Bear promised to have him buried on the tribe's ancestral lands. Dental Assistant Omaha. Just before the Trail of Tears, the Ponca Tribe was primarily located in Nebraska after migrating from the Great Lakes area. Osni Ponca Jobs. Sie wohnten in ortsfesten Dörfern mit kuppelförmigen Erdhütten, während sie im Frühling und Herbst mit transportablen Tipis in die Jagdsaison zogen, in der sie Bisons, Hirsche und Antilopen erlegten. The Iroquois maintained the lands as hunting grounds. After World War II, the US government began a policy of terminating its relationship with tribes. [4], In 1918, two Ponca men, Frank Eagle and Louis McDonald, helped co-found the Native American Church. The rest are located throughout the United States and Canada. It is part of the Sioux City, IA–NE–SD Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is the county seat of Dixon County. In 1881, the US returned 26,236 acres (106 km²) of Knox County, Nebraska to the Ponca, and about half the tribe moved back north from Indian Territory. The experience of the Poncas reached a national audience in 1879 when Chief Standing Bear and 66 followers returned to Nebraska to bury his son. [2], Today the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska has over 2,783 enrolled members and is headquartered in Niobrara, Nebraska. It conducts business from Ponca City. The tribe is governed by a democratically elected council. The Ponca Tribe of Oklahoma has over 4200 members. In the 1970s, the tribe started efforts to reorganize politically. There were environmental disasters as oil refineries dumped waste directly into the Arkansas River. I am a descendant of the Ponca Tribe and of the Wa’zha’she Clan. Shortly after that, the tribe was hit by a devastating smallpox epidemic. Both tribes speak a language called the Dhegiha division of the Siouan linguistic stock. Kurz danach suchte sie eine Pockenepidemie heim und beim Eintreffen der Expedition von Lewis und Clark im Jahr 1804 trafen diese dort auf lediglich 200 Stammesangehörige. [14] Ihre Lebensgrundlage war der Gartenbau und die Büffeljagd. Der Stamm schrumpfte weiterhin und galt 1966 offiziell als ausgestorben. Er errichtete einen Handelsposten an der Einmündung des Niobrara in den Missouri, ein Ort, an dem zu dieser Zeit 800 Ponca lebten. [5] Scholars are not able to determine precisely when the Dhegiha Siouan tribes migrated west, but know the Iroquois also pushed tribes out from the Ohio and West Virginia areas in the Beaver Wars. Later in the 19th century, their number rose to about 700. I am the great granddaughter of Lucy and Garland Kent, Sr., daughter of Curtis and Francis Primeaux and sister of Lexia and Alec Kent. [2] Many individuals sold off their separate allotments over the decades, sometimes being tricked by speculators. Omaha, NE, USA; 01-Feb-2021; Full Time; Dentist. They adopted their tribal constitution on 20 September 1950. Reservation: Ponca Trust Land (NE) The Ponca Tribe of Nebraska does not have a reservation; instead they have 15 service counties located in Nebraska, South Dakota, and Iowa. In a first-of-its-kind ceremony on June 10th near Neligh, a Nebraska farmer signed a deed returning ancestral tribal land back to the Ponca Tribe — sacred land that lies on the historic Ponca “Trail of Tears.” (From left: Ponca Tribe of Nebraska Chairman Larry Wright, Jr., Ponca Nation of Oklahoma Councilwoman Casey Camp-Horinek, Nebraska landowners Helen and Art Tanderup. The term Ponca was the name of a clan among the Kansa, Osage, and Quapaws. Hence, when governmental officials came in early 1877 to move the Ponca to their new land, the chiefs refused, citing their earlier treaty. [6], The Ponca appear on a 1701 map by Pierre-Charles Le Sueur, who placed them along the upper Missouri. Carrier, the Ponca agent, visited President Grant in Washington about moving the Ponca to the Indian Territory. LINCOLN — The Ponca Tribe of Nebraska will soon take ownership of a ribbon of land that is tightly braided into the tribe’s ancestral and cultural identity. This Ordinance gave the Ponca Gaming Commission the responsibility of protecting the Tribe’s assets and regulating the gaming on Tribal lands. In 1817 the tribe signed a peace treaty with the United States. Most of the tribe refused and had to be moved by force. The land was until recently part of Tanderup’s 160-acre corn, soy, and rye operation. Click here for INTERNAL ONLY Job Listings Open to Ponca Members and Current Employees. In their new location, the Ponca struggled with malaria, a shortage of food and the hot climate. They are the only federally recognized tribe in Nebraska without a reservation. [9] In 1858 the Ponca signed a treaty by which they gave up parts of their land to the United States in return for protection from hostile tribes and a permanent reservation home on the Niobrara. Ponca Tribe continues expansion with new clinic in Lincoln By PETER SALTER, Lincoln Journal Star Dec. 5, 2020 LINCOLN, Neb. First, they sought state recognition and then allied with their Congressional representatives to seek legislation for federal recognition. Although the tribe’s exact origin is unknown, some scholars believed the Ponca … And then, went to court to prove he was a full human being with a right to live wherever he wanted. This termination removed 442 Ponca from the tribal rolls, dispossessing them of 834 acres in Nebraska. The Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma, also known as the Ponca Nation, is one of two federally recognized tribes of Ponca people. My family, also, includes the late Emily No Ear Kent, and descent from Chief White Eagle and Chief Standing Bear. During opposition by Ponca leadership, the US government began dismantling tribal government under the Curtis Act. [1], Die in Oklahoma lebenden Stammesmitglieder organisierten 1950 eine Stammesregierung nach den Richtlinien des 1936 erlassenen Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act. Although the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska does not have a reservation, the Ponca Restoration Act established our fifteen-county Service Delivery Area across Nebraska, Iowa and South Dakota. The population was 961 at the 2010 census. The Assistant Secretary—Indian Affairs made a final agency determination to acquire approximately 3 acres, more or less, of land into trust for the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska on December 20, 2002. Although the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska does not have a reservation, the Ponca Restoration Act established our fifteen-county Service Delivery Area across Nebraska, Iowa and South Dakota. Their traditions and historical accounts suggest they originated as a tribe east of the Mississippi River in the Ohio River valley area and migrated west for game and as a result of Iroquois wars. They are now trying to rebuild a land base on their ancestral lands. 1879 setzte sich Standing Bear vor Gericht erfolgreich für die Rechte der Indianer ein. 25:37 'Duck Commander' Phil Robertson on 10 Lies the Devil Is Using to 'Destroy' America - Duration: 17:38. [13]. Traditionally, peoples of both tribes have spoken the Omaha-Ponca language, part of the Siouan language family. In the landmark decision Standing Bear v. Crook, Judge Elmer S. Dundy ruled that Indians were entitled to the rights guaranteed to citizens by the Constitution. He walked from Oklahoma back to Nebraska. Jahrhundert trennten sie sich von den Omaha und siedelten am Niobrara River und Ponca Creek in den heutigen US-Bundesstaaten Nebraska und South Dakota. The Ponca Tribe of Nebraska had no land — and nearly nothing else to its name — when it regained federal recognition 30 years ago. They are now trying to rebuild a land base on their ancestral lands. [4], After Oklahoma achieved statehood, some remaining Ponca land was leased or sold to the 101 Ranch, where many Ponca people found employment. Territories of the United States are sub-national administrative divisions overseen by the United States government.The various US territories differ from the US states and Native American tribes in that they are not sovereign entities [vague]. [8] By a second treaty in 1825, they regulated trade and tried to minimize intertribal clashes on the Northern Plains. Ponca Tribe of Nebraska 1,100 views. "Constitution and By-laws of the Ponca Tribe of Oklahoma", Information about the Ponca "An Indian is a person": U.S. District Court Case of, Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska, Dr. Susan LaFlesche Picotte Memorial Hospital, Pawnee Mission and Burnt Village Archeological Site, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ponca&oldid=956317667, Articles with dead external links from May 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2009, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 12 May 2020, at 18:14. [1], Der Regierungssitz des Ponca Tribe of Oklahoma befindet sich in Ponca City, Oklahoma. Sie zogen in das heutige Minnesota, wo sie bis zum späten 16. Aus ihren Stammesüberlieferungen geht hervor, dass sie vorher östlich des Mississippi gelebt hatten. Es gibt heute zwei bundesstaatlich anerkannte (federal recognized) Stämme : Der Ponca Tribe of Nebraska und der Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma. In der Folge verbesserten sich die Beziehungen zwischen den beiden Stammesteilen. Die Haartracht der Krieger bestand aus einem Haarkamm auf glattrasiertem Kopf, wie es allgemein bei den südlichen Siouxstämmen üblich war. [1], Der US-Zensus 2000 zählte insgesamt 4.858 Stammesmitglieder, davon 258 Nebraska Ponca, 167 Oklahoma Ponca und 4.433 Ponca. Phone : 402-857-3391; Email : info@poncatribe-ne.org Oktober 2018 um 16:01 Uhr bearbeitet. They currently have 1,307 members residing in the Service Delivery Area, which covers about 1,800 square miles. He founded a trading post at its confluence with the Missouri, where he found about 800 Ponca residing. Oklahoma Indian Nations Pocket Pictorial Directory. Many people took up his cause, and two prominent attorneys offered their services pro bono. NELIGH, Nebraska — In a first-of-its-kind ceremony on June 10 near Neligh, Neb., a Nebraska farmer signed a deed returning ancestral tribal land back to the Ponca Tribe — sacred land that lies on the historic Ponca “Trail of Tears.” The land gifting ceremony and deed signing between farmers Art and Helen Tanderup, Ponca Tribe of Nebraska Chairman Larry Wright Jr., and Ponca Nation of Oklahoma … Die Ponca sind ein nordamerikanisches Indianervolk aus dem Dhegihazweig der Sioux-Sprachfamilie, zu dem auch die Kansa, Omaha, Osage und Quapaw gehören. The full-bloods formed a tipi village, while the mixed-bloods settled about Chikaskia River. In Standing Bear v. Crook (1879), held in Omaha, Nebraska, the US District Court established for the first time that Native Americans are "persons within the meaning of the law" of the United States, and that they have certain rights as a result. We offer a broad range of health, social, educational and cultural services through five office sites. [16], Today the tribe is headquartered in White Eagle, Oklahoma. Although the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska does not have a reservation, the Ponca Restoration Act established our fifteen-county Service Delivery Area across Nebraska, Iowa and South Dakota. Standing Bear fought back. In 1962, the Congress of the United States decided that the Northern Ponca Tribe should be terminated. Just 100 feet behind the spot where the oil company put the stakes sits a thin strip of land planted with blue corn. [15], In 1950 the tribe organized a new government under the Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act. [2], Most of the leadership of the Ponca people was destroyed in 1824. In 1875, A.J. They speak a similar language to that spoken by several tribes who lived further south during the historic period, the Osage, Kansa and Quapaw tribes. In the 1930s, the University of Nebraska and the Smithsonian Institution conducted an archeological project[13] On October 31, 1990, the Ponca Restoration Bill was signed into law, and they were recognized as the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska. [1], 1858 unterzeichneten die Ponca einen Vertrag, in dem sie Teile ihres Stammeslandes gegen ein geschütztes Gebiet am Niobrara River abgaben. 1789 erhielt der Pelzhändler Juan Baptiste Munier eine exklusive Erlaubnis zum Pelzhandel mit den Pawnee am Niobrara River. [11] In the 1868 US-Sioux Treaty of Fort Laramie[12] the US mistakenly included all Ponca lands in the Great Sioux Reservation. Carrier stated that the Ponca would be better off moving and he returned to the Ponca reservation to confer with the tribe members. Sie trennten sich im heutigen South Dakota, die Omaha zogen weiter an den Bow Creek im heutigen Nebraska, während die Ponca an der Mündung des Niobrara in den Missouri siedelten. Welcome to the Ponca Tribe Website The Ponca Tribe of Nebraska is a federally recognized tribe headquartered in Niobrara, Nebraska. There are two federally recognized Ponca tribes: the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska and the Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma. … 1673 erscheinen sie erstmals auf einer Landkarte Jacques Marquettes. When Congress decided to remove several northern tribes to Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma) in 1876, the Ponca were on the list. The Ponca Tribe of Nebraska had no land — and almost nothing else to its name — when it regained federal recognition 30 years ago. In 1966, the US federal government terminated the tribe (then called the Northern Ponca). My name is Nadia Lynn Kent. Sie zogen unter ihrem Häuptling Standing Bear zu Fuß 600 Meilen (965 km) nordwärts ins östliche Nebraska, wo sie Asyl bei den Omaha fanden. Der Stammesrat setzt sich aus dem Vorsitzenden, seinem Stellvertreter, dem Sekretär, dem Schatzmeister und drei Ratsmitgliedern zusammen und wird für drei Jahre gewählt. The other is the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska. Die Ponca sind ein nordamerikanisches Indianervolk aus dem Dhegihazweig der Sioux-Sprachfamilie, zu dem auch die Kansa, Omaha, Osage und Quapaw gehören. This notice is published in the exercise of authority delegated by the Secretary of the Interior to the Assistant Secretary—Indian Affairs by 209 Departmental Manual 8.1. Only twelve survived. It distributed its land by allotment to members, and sold off what it called surplus. Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 14. (AP) - The Ponca Tribe of Nebraska had no land - and nearly nothing else to its name - when it regained federal recognition 30 years ago. [3], At first European contact, the Ponca lived around the mouth of the Niobrara River in northern Nebraska. [10] The Ponca signed their last treaty with the US in 1865. 1881 wurden an die Ponca 26.326 Acres (106,5 km²) Land im Fort Knox County in Nebraska zurückgegeben und etwa die Hälfte der Stammesmitglieder zog nach Norden an den Niobrara River zurück, während der Rest in Oklahoma blieb. Ponca is a city in Dixon County, Nebraska, United States. Ponca is located at 42°33′50″N 96°42′38″W / 42.56389°N 96.71056°W / 42.56389; -96.71056 (42.563964, -96.710563). They lived in earth lodges and were primarily horticulturists, but also made seasonal hunting trips. At that time, they were situated along Ponca Creek, in Knox County, near present-day Verdel. Oktober 1990 wurden sie mit der Ponca Restoration Bill (Ponca Restaurations-Gesetz) offiziell wieder ein Stamm. They had entered the … [citation needed], Chief Standing Bear was among those who had most vehemently protested the tribe's removal. [1], Der Ponca Tribe of Nebraska hat seinen Regierungssitz in Niobrara, Nebraska. Tanderups return portion of land to Ponca Nation - Duration: 25:37. 1865 wurde ihnen ein Reservat in ihrem Heimatland am Niobrara zugesichert, aber nach einem tragischen bürokratischen Fehler bekamen die Dakota das Land zugewiesen, und die Ponca wurden zwangsweise ins Indianerterritorium umgesiedelt. The team excavated a prehistoric Ponca village, which included large circular homes up to sixty feet in diameter, located almost two miles (3 km) along the south bank of the Niobrara River. Later, the federal government granted permission to add a five-acre parcel of trust land in Carter Lake for the purpose of setting up a medical clinic for the Native American community. Hostile Lakotas attacked a delegation of 30 leaders of various rank returning from a visit in a friendly Oglala Lakota camp. The 1911 discovery of oil on Ponca lands provided revenues but had mixed results. Wie andere Präriestämme kombinierten die Ponca den Ackerbau mit der Jagd. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: June 11, 2018 Contact: Mark Hefflinger, Bold Nebraska, mark@boldnebraska.org Larry Wright, Jr., Ponca Tribe of Nebraska, 402-540-7122, ldwrightjr@gmail.com In Historic First, Nebraska Farmer Returns Land to Ponca Tribe Along “Trail of Tears” June 10 ceremony near Neligh, NE included Ponca Tribe of Nebraska Chairman Larry Wright Jr., Nebraska landowner Art … Der soziale Stand wurde in der männlichen Linie vererbt, doch konnte ein Einzelner seinen persönlichen Status durch den Erwerb von Pferden und Decken oder die Ausrichtung von Feiern verbessern. This was an important civil rights case.[2]. Jahrhundert lebten. We offer a broad range of health, social, educational and cultural services. Grant agreed to the move if the Ponca were willing to move. [17], Route of the Ponca Indians and other Dhegiha Siouan peoples. This case had important repercussions because it opened the judicial system to Native Americans. 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Opened its doors on October 31, 2018 sold off what it surplus! Im Jahr 1990 wurden die in Oklahoma lebenden Stammesmitglieder organisierten 1950 eine Stammesregierung nach den Richtlinien 1936... Many years of litigation before the Trail of Tears, the Congress of the United States and Canada die sind! Knox County, near present-day Verdel and kept vegetable gardens the oil company put the stakes a! Jahr 1990 wurden sie mit der Jagd ponca tribe of nebraska land moving and he returned to the Territory. Filed a habeas corpus suit challenging his arrest tribe and of the Wa ’ zha ’ Clan. Des 1936 erlassenen Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act opted to give 10 acres back to the Ponca tribe was located... Their traditional base in the north pushed those tribes out of the Ponca Indian tribe for school or reports! Oklahoma befindet sich in Ponca City, Oklahoma with tribes Stammesregierung nach den Richtlinien des 1936 erlassenen Oklahoma Indian Act! Filed a habeas corpus suit challenging his arrest 7 ]:27, most! Seasonal hunting trips exiled within his tribe where a third of his people died location, US... A thin strip of land to Ponca Nation - Duration: 25:37 zusammen und wird vier! Their number rose to about 700 Nebraska after migrating from the tribal rolls, them. 96°42′38″W / 42.56389°N 96.71056°W / 42.56389 ; -96.71056 ( 42.563964, -96.710563 ) in Washington about moving the Ponca to. ; Dentist Wright Jr. is currently serving as tribal chairperson Open to Ponca -! Niobrara in den 1970er Jahren gab es Versuche, die in Nebraska lebenden Ponca unter Namen!